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Sources

The main source of the play is George Whetstone's 1578 lengthy twopart closet drama Promos and Cassandra. Whetstone took the story from Cinthio's Hecatommithi, which Shakespeare seems to have consulted, as well as a dramatization of the story, also by Cinthio.

The title, which appears as a line of dialogue in the play, may be related to the Bible, Matthew 7:2:

For in the same way you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure you use, it will be measured to you.