I. Introduction

Dominant interpretations of the Leviathan seem to always point to fear as the affect that convinces Hobbesian subjects to enter the social contract in the first place and to steadfastly obey the sovereign. Hobbes often defines...

In Baruch Spinoza’s The Ethics, he attempts to prove that God is the only substance. While the main point of his argument is found in Proposition 14, he relies heavily on the definitions, axioms, and propositions that come before it. Overall,...