Cane

Cane Sources and ClassicNote Author

  • Toomer, Jean. Cane. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. , 2011.
  • Whyde, Janet M. "Mediating Forms: Narrating the Body in Jean Toomer's "Cane"" The Southern Literary Journal 26, no. 1 (1993): 42-53.

  • Caldeira, Maria Isabel. "Jean Toomer's Cane: The Anxiety of the Modern Artist." Callaloo, no. 25 (1985): 544-50.

  • Harmon, Charles. ""Cane", Race, and "Neither/Norism"" The Southern Literary Journal 32, no. 2 (2000): 90-101.

  • Rusch, Frederik L. "Form, Function, and Creative Tension in Cane: Jean Toomer and the Need for the Avant-Garde." MELUS 17, no. 4 (1991): 15-28.

  • Kodat, Catherine Gunther. "To "Flash White Light from Ebony": The Problem of Modernism in Jean Toomer's Cane." Twentieth Century Literature 46, no. 1 (2000): 1-19.

  • Battenfeld, Mary. ""Been Shapin Words T Fit M Soul": Cane, Language, and Social Change." Callaloo 25, no. 4 (2002): 1238-249.

  • Farebrother, Rachel. ""Adventuring through the Pieces of a Still Unorganized Mosaic": Reading Jean Toomer's Collage Aesthetic in "Cane"" Journal of American Studies 40, no. 3 (2006): 503-21.

  • Dow, William. ""Always Your Heart": The "Great Design" of Toomer's "Cane"" MELUS 27, no. 4 (2002): 59-88.

  • Stasi, Paul. "A "Synchronous but More Subtle Migration": Passing and Primitivism in Toomer's "Cane"" Twentieth Century Literature 55, no. 2 (2009): 145-74.

  • Bell, Bernard. "A Key to the Poems in Cane," CLA Journal 14 (March 1971): 251-258.

  • Innes, Catherine L. "The Unity of Jean Toomer's Cane," CLA Journal 15 (March 1971): 306-322.

  • Scruggs, Charles, "Textuality and Vision in Jean Toomer's Cane," Journal of the Short Story in English 10 (Spring 1988): 93-114.

  • Jones, Gayl. "Blues Ballad: Jean Toomer's 'Karintha,'" Liberating Voices: Oral Traditions in African American Literature (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991).

  • Abbott, Megan. "'Dorris Dances...John Dreams': Free Indirect Discourse and Female Subjectivity in Cane," Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 80.4 (Winter 1997): 455-74.

  • Pellegrini, Gino Michael. "Jean Toomer and Cane: 'Mixed-Blood' Impossibilities," Arizona Quarterly 64.4 (Winter 2008):1-20.

  • Smith, Yolanda. "The Bible in Song: Reclaiming African American Spirituals." Yale. 4/26/17. <http://reflections.yale.edu/article/between-babel-and-beatitude/bible-song-reclaiming-african-american-spirituals>.
  • "African American Spirituals." Library of Congress. 4/26/17. <https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200197495/>.
  • Falvey, Kate. "Cane: Discussion Questions." Research Guide to American Literature: American Modernism, 1914-1945, vol. 5. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Falvey, Kate. "Cane." Research Guide to American Literature: American Modernism, 1914-1945, vol. 5. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Toomer, Jean. "Toomer, Jean." The Facts on File Companion to American Poetry, vol. 2. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Evans, Robert C.. "Cane." Student's Encyclopedia of Great American Writers: 1900 to 1945, vol. 3. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Taylor, Corey M. "Cane." Facts on File Companion to the American Novel. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Lawrence, Amanda. "race in Cane." Encyclopedia of Themes in Literature. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Daniels, Antonio Maurice. "alienation in Cane." Encyclopedia of Themes in Literature. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • Evans, Robert C. "Cane." The American Novel, Understanding Literature through Close Reading. 5/1/17. <www.fofweb.com>.
  • "On "Her Lips Are Copper Wire"." 5/20/17. <http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/wire.htm>.