Candide: Or Optimism (Penguin Classics)
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Candide

by Voltaire

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References

Notes

  1. ^ a b Davidson (2005), pp. 52–53
  2. ^ a b c d e f Williams (1997), pp. 1–3
  3. ^ Wootton (2000), p. 1
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Aldridge (1975), pp. 251–254
  5. ^ Critical Survey of Short Fiction (2001)
  6. ^ Mason (1992), p. 10
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Davidson (2005), p. 54
  8. ^ a b c Aldridge (1975), p. 260
  9. ^ Leister (1985), p. 120
  10. ^ Waldinger (1987), p. ix
  11. ^ Wade (1959b), p. 88
  12. ^ a b Radner & Radner (1998), pp. 669–686
  13. ^ Mason (1992), p. 4
  14. ^ a b Wade (1959b), p. 93
  15. ^ Havens (1973), pp. 844–845
  16. ^ Wade (1959b), p. 296
  17. ^ Broome (1960), p. 510
  18. ^ Means (2006), pp. 1–3
  19. ^ Gopnik (2005)
  20. ^ McGhee (1943), pp. 438, 440
  21. ^ Aldridge (1975), p. 155
  22. ^ Mason (1970), pp. 19–35
  23. ^ Wade (1959a), p. 65
  24. ^ Torrey (1929), p. 446
  25. ^ a b c Wade (1956), pp. 3–4
  26. ^ Havens (1932), p. 225
  27. ^ Wade (1959b), pp. 145, 156
  28. ^ Rouillard (1962)
  29. ^ Wade (1957), p. 94
  30. ^ Torrey (1929), pp. 445–447
  31. ^ Wade (1959b), p. 182
  32. ^ a b Wade (1959a), pp. 63–88
  33. ^ Wade (1957), p. 96
  34. ^ Voltaire [1759] (1959)
  35. ^ Taylor (1979), p. 207
  36. ^ Williams (1997), p. 97
  37. ^ Bellhouse (2006), p. 780
  38. ^ Bellhouse (2006), p. 756
  39. ^ Bellhouse (2006), p. 757
  40. ^ Bellhouse (2006), p. 769
  41. ^ Waldinger (1987), p. 23
  42. ^ Williams (1997), pp. 26–27
  43. ^ Beck (1999), p. 203
  44. ^ Leister (1985), pp. 32–33
  45. ^ a b Smollett (2008), Ch. 4. (Fr. "matelot furieux")
  46. ^ Smollett (2008), Ch. 10. (Fr. "la vieille")
  47. ^ a b c Ayer (1986), pp. 143–145
  48. ^ Aldridge (1975), p. 254
  49. ^ Wootton (2000), p. xvii
  50. ^ This is one of the most famous quotes from the novel. See http://www.spectator.co.uk/alexmassie/3258671/pour-encourager-les-autres-oui-monsieur.thtml
  51. ^ Voltaire [1759] (1959), pp. 107–108
  52. ^ Voltaire [1759] (1959), p. 113
  53. ^ a b c Barasch (1985), p. 3
  54. ^ a b Starobinski (1976), p. 194
  55. ^ Wade (1959b), p. 133
  56. ^ Aldridge (1975), p. 255
  57. ^ a b Ayer (1986), p. 139
  58. ^ Havens (1973), p. 843
  59. ^ a b Bottiglia (1968), pp. 89–92
  60. ^ Wade (1959b), pp. 303–305
  61. ^ Waldinger (1987), p. 20
  62. ^ Readings on Candide (2001), p. 92
  63. ^ a b Bottiglia (1951), pp. 727, 731
  64. ^ Davidson (2005), p. 55
  65. ^ Scherr (1993)
  66. ^ Aldridge (1975), p. 258
  67. ^ Readings on Candide (2001), p. 121
  68. ^ Bottiglia (1951), p. 720
  69. ^ Smollett (2008), Ch. 1
  70. ^ Leister (1985), p. 29
  71. ^ Bottiglia (1951), pp. 723–724
  72. ^ Bottiglia (1951), p. 726
  73. ^ Leister (1985), p. 26
  74. ^ Braun, Sturzer, Meyer (1988)
  75. ^ Wolper (1969), pp. 265–277
  76. ^ Bottiglia (1951), pp. 719–720
  77. ^ Braun, Sturzer & Meyer (1988), pp. 569–571
  78. ^ Braun, Sturzer & Meyer (1988), p. 574
  79. ^ Crocker (1971)
  80. ^ a b Voltaire [1759] (1931), p. vii
  81. ^ Wade (1959b), p. xiii
  82. ^ a b c Mason (1992), pp. 13–15
  83. ^ Mason (1992), ch. 3
  84. ^ a b Haight (1970), p. 33
  85. ^ Hobbs (1930), p. 190
  86. ^ Bowerman (1931), p. 20
  87. ^ Boyer (2002), p. 209
  88. ^ a b Bottiglia (1959), p. 247
  89. ^ Mason (1992), ch. 2
  90. ^ Britannica (2008)
  91. ^ Readings on Candide (2001), pp. 112–113
  92. ^ Kamrath (1991), pp. 5–14
  93. ^ Monty (2006), p. 5
  94. ^ Mason (1992), pp. 33, 37
  95. ^ Mason (1992), p. 98
  96. ^ Monty (2006), p. 151
  97. ^ a b Astbury (2005), p. 503
  98. ^ Clark (1993), pp. VIII, IX
  99. ^ Peyser (1987), p. 247
  100. ^ a b Peyser (1987), p. 248
  101. ^ Peyser (1987), pp. 249–251
  102. ^ Morrison (2002), p. 59
  103. ^ Burns (2000), p. 992
  104. ^ Hitchins (2002), p. 160
  105. ^ Silva (2000), pp. 784–785
  106. ^ Malandain (1989)
  107. ^ Boztas (2009)

Bibliography

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  • Bellhouse, Mary L. (December 2006). "Candide Shoots the Monkey Lovers: Representing Black Men in Eighteenth-Century French Visual Culture". Political Theory (Sage Publications) 34 (6): 756. doi:10.1177/0090591706293020. 
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  • Boyer, Paul S. (2002). Purity in Print: Book Censorship in America from the Gilded Age to the Computer Age. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-17584-7. 
  • Boztas, Senay (2009). "Interview: Frank Woodley - Candide laughter". Scotland on Sunday. http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/edinburghinternationalfestival/Interview-Frank-Woodley--Candide.5536710.jp. Retrieved 2009-11-14. 
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  • Britannica (2008). "Great Books of the Western World: A Collection of the Greatest Writings in Western History" (PDF). Britannica. http://store.britannica.com/images/us/local/page_specific/custom/GreatBooks.pdf. Retrieved 2008-06-22. 
  • Broome, J. H. (1960). "Voltaire and Fougeret de Monbron a "Candide" Problem Reconsidered". The Modern Language Review 55 (4): 509–518. doi:10.2307/3721375. 
  • Burns, Jennefer (October 2000). "Telling tales about 'Impegno': Commitment and hindsight in Vittorini and Calvino". The Modern Language Review 95 (4): 992. doi:10.2307/3736629. Gale Document Number:A80191130. 
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  • Havens, George R. (May 1973). "Some Notes on Candide". Modern Language Notes 88 (4, French Issue): 841–847. 
  • Hitchins, Keith (Summer/Autumn 2002). "Le voyage de Candide à Istanbul". World Literature Today 76 (3/4). EBSCO Accession Number 9209009. 
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  • Peyser, Joan (1987). Bernstein, a biography. New York: Beech Tree Books. ISBN 0-688-04918-4. 
  • Radner, Daisie (October 1998). "Optimality in biology: Pangloss or Leibniz?". Monist 81 (4). EBSCO Accession Number 1713757. 
  • Rouillard, C. D. (November 1962). "Review of "Voltaire and Candide: A Study in the Fusion of History, Art and Philosophy"". Modern Philology 60 (2): 145–149. doi:10.1086/389529. 
  • Scherr, Arthur (Spring 1993). "Voltaire's 'Candide': a tale of women's equality". The Midwest Quarterly 34 (3): 261–282. Thomson Gale Document Number A13877067. 
  • Silva, Edward T. (1974). "From Candide to Candy: Love's Labor Lost". Journal of Popular Culture 8: 783–791. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1975.00783.x. EBSCO Accession Number 1975201832. ISSN 0022-3840. 
  • Smollett, Tobias (2008). "Candide". Wikisource, The Free Library. http://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Candide/Chapter_1&oldid=474722. Retrieved 2008-05-29. 
  • Starobinski, Jean (Summer 1976). "Sur le Style Philosophique de Candide". Comparative Literature 28 (3). 
  • Taylor, O. R.; Vercruysse, Jeroom (1979). "Review: Les Éditions encadrées des Œuvres de Voltaire de 1775". The Modern Language Review 74 (1): 207. doi:10.2307/3726968. 
  • Torrey, Norman L. (November 1929). "The Date of Composition of Candide, and Voltaire's Corrections". Modern Language Notes 44 (7): 446. doi:10.2307/2913558. 
  • Voltaire (1931) [1759]. Morize, André. ed. Candide: ou, L'optimisme; édition critique avec une introd. et un commentaire par André Morize. Paris. 
  • Voltaire (1959) [1759]. Bair, Lowell. ed. Candide. New York: Bantam Dell. ISBN 0-553-21166-8. 
  • Wade, Ira O. (October 1956). "The La Vallière MS of Candide". The French Review 30 (1). 
  • Wade, Ira O. (15 February 1957). "A Manuscript of Voltaire's "Candide"". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 101 (1). 
  • Wade, Ira O. (1959a). "The First Edition of Candide: A Problem of Identification". The Princeton University Library Chronicle 20 (2). 
  • Wade, Ira O. (1959b). Voltaire and Candide: A Study in the Fusion of History, Art, and Philosophy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Library of Congress number 59-11085. 
  • Waldinger, Renée (1987). Approaches to Teaching Voltaire's Candide. New York: The Modern Language Association of America. ISBN 0-87352-503-5. 
  • Walsh, Thomas (2001). Readings on Candide. Literary Companion to World Literature. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press. ISBN 0-7377-0362-8. 
  • Williams, David (1997). Voltaire, Candide. Spain: Grand & Cutler Ltd. ISBN 0-7293-0395-0. 
  • Wolper, Roy S. (Winter 1969). "Candide, Gull in the Garden?". Eighteenth-Century Studies 3 (2): 265–277. doi:10.2307/2737575. 
  • Wootton, David (2000). Candide and Related Texts. Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 0-87220-547-9. 

Further reading

  • Adorno, Theodor W. (1970). Redmond, Dennis. ed. Negative Dialectics. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag. http://www.efn.org/~dredmond/ndtrans.html. Retrieved 2007-07-28. 
  • Betts, C. J. (April 1985). "On the Beginning and Ending of Candide". The Modern Language Review 80 (2): 283–292. doi:10.2307/3728661. 
  • Cates, David Allan. "Comparing Candide and X Out of Wonderland" (PDF). XOutofWonderland.com. http://www.xoutofwonderland.com/compare.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-06. 
  • Gullace, Giovanni (1985). Il Candide nel pensiero di Voltaire. Napoli: Società editrice napoletana. 
  • Gullette, Cameron C. (December 1934). "Fanfluche - Cousin of Candide". The French Review 8 (2): 93–107. 
  • Henry, Patrick (Spring 1977). "Travel in Candide: Moving On But Going Nowhere". Papers on Language & Literature 13 (2): 193–197. EBSCO Accession Number 7728974. ISSN 0031-1294. 
  • Henry, Patrick (Winter 1977). "Time in Candide". Studies in Short Fiction 14 (1): 86–8. EBSCO Accession Number 7150968. ISSN 0039-3789. 
  • Henry, Patrick (Spring 1977b). "Working in Candide's Garden". Studies in Short Fiction 14 (2): 183–184. EBSCO Accession Number 7153217. ISSN 0039-3789. 
  • Henry, Patrick (1987). "Contre Barthes". Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century 249. http://people.whitman.edu/~henrypg/barthes.htm. Retrieved 2007-07-10. 
  • Howells, R. J. (April 1985). ""Cette Boucherie Héroïque": "Candide" as Carnival". The Modern Language Review 80 (2): 293–303. doi:10.2307/3728662. 
  • Kirby, David (Summer 1993). "The new Candide or what I learned in the theory wars". Virginia Quarterly Review 69 (3): p. 393, 15p. EBSCO Accession Number 9308316577. ISSN 0042-675X. 
  • Lynch, James J. (January 1985). "Romance Conventions in Voltaire's Candide". South Atlantic Review 50 (1): 35–46. doi:10.2307/3199529. 
  • Marsh, Leonard (Spring 2004). "Voltaire's Candide". Explicator 62 (3): 144–146. EBSCO Accession Number 13275608. ISSN 0014-4940. 
  • Oake, Roger B.; Wade, Ira O. (Spring 1961). "Review of "Voltaire and Candide"". Comparative Literature 13 (2): 176–178. doi:10.2307/1768579. 
  • Scherr, Arthur (Winter 2001). "Voltaire's Candide". Explicator 59 (2): 225. doi:10.2307/2913581. EBSCO Accession Number 4423176. 
  • Sturm, Mary J.; Parsell, David B. (2001). Critical Survey of Short Fiction (Second Revised ed.). Salem Press, Inc. ISBN 0-89356-006-5; EBSCO Accession Number MOL0120000549. 

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